Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit, or IC, combines many tiny transistors and other electronic parts on one chip. Depending on its design, it can amplify signals, process information or control timing. It needs a suitable external power supply.

Look for the notch or dot that helps identify pin 1, then check the exact chip’s datasheet. Different ICs have different pinouts and supply limits; their pins cannot simply swap places.

At SparkVille’s crossroads, an integrated circuit helps the traffic lights take turns in the right order. A whole team of electronic helpers fits into its small package.